Halaman
CHAPTER
They are made in
Indonesia.
I will learn to use sentences in the
passive voice, to describe objects
XI
204
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
‘Lemper’
is made
of a handful lump of
steamed
glutinuous rice. It
is !lled
with
chicken or beef !lling. Each piece
is wrapped
in banana leaf, and the wrapping
is secured
on both ends with tooth picks or ‘lidi’. Lemper
in banana leaf
is steamed
, or
cooked
over a
very hot barbeque or grill. If the rice
is well-
cooked
before lemper
is !lled
and
wrapped
,
it
can be served
straight away with the
banana leaf still green and fresh.
Here are Siti, Lina, Udin, and Beni
describing four very popular foods from
Indonesia. Say the sentences loudly, clearly,
and correctly. First, repeat after me.
Satay or ‘sate’
is made
of chicken, beef,
or lamb. ‘Sate ayam’
is made
of chicken,
‘sate kambing’ is made of lamb, ‘sate sapi’
is made
of beef. Small pieces of meat
are
marinated
in spicy soy sauce. Some pieces
of well
marinated
meat
are skewered
. Then,
on skewers, satay
is grilled
over very hot
charcoal. It
is served
with peanut sauce or soy
sauce.
on
in
ve
Observing & Questioning
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/ Think Globally Act Locally
205
Krupuk are very crunchy crackers. Different
kinds of crackers are easily
found
everywhere
in Indonesia. It
is made
of tapioca starch.
It
is !avoured
with "sh, shrimp, or garlic.
Krupuk
is shaped
in thin pieces. The pieces
of kerupuk
are dried
under the sun until it is
completely dry and hard. Very dry krupuk
is
deep-fried
in hot oil. Some kinds of crackers
are fried
in very hot sand.
Pempek is a very popular food from the South
Sumatera. It
is made
of "sh and tapioca
starch. Fish, tapioca starch, and water
are
mixed
to make thick dough. In different
shapes and sizes, the dough
is boiled
until
it #oats. The
cooked
pempek is then
deep-
fried
. Pempek
is served
with very thin sauce
called ‘cuko’. Cuko
is made
of water, palm
sugar, chilly, garlic, tamarind, and salt.
Observing & Questioning
206
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
1.
Eight facts about Satay stated by Udin.
1)
Satay or ‘sate’ is made of chicken, beef, or lamb.
2)
‘Sate ayam’ is made of chicken.
3)
‘Sate kambing’ is made of lamb.
4)
Etc.
List the facts about the traditional foods stated
by Udin, Siti, Lina and Beni.
1)
Eight facts about satay
2)
Six facts about lemper
3)
Seven facts about pempek
4)
Eight facts about kerupuk.
Hand-write your work on a piece of paper.
Underline the verb in every sentence. Make
sure you know the meaning of every word and
spell it correctly. Use the punctuation marks
correctly, too.
While you are writing, say the words loudly,
clearly, and correctly.
Use a dictionary. If you have any problems
come to me.
Some examples have been done for you.
First, copy the example.
Observing & Questioning
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/ Think Globally Act Locally
207
In the conversations below, some tourists
who have been to Indonesia are talking
about some Indonesian arts.
Let’s read the conversations together.
Say the speakers’ sentences loudly, clearly,
and correctly. First, repeat after me.
A: This awesome gift
was given
to me by my
friend. What do you think?
B:
Wow, that looks nice! What
is it called
? Is
that
made
in Indonesia?
A: Yes, I
was given
by a friend from
Indonesia. This item
is called
an Angklung.
Angklung is a musical instrument from the
Sundanese culture of West Java. It
is made
of bamboo. It
is used
to play not only
traditional but also modern music.
Observing & Questioning
208
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
A: I got this awesome souvenir when I was
working in Papua last year. I love it!
B: What is that? Is that a bag or basket?
A: It is a bag. It
is called
a ‘noken’. It
is made
in
Papua.
A: It looks strong. What
is
it
made
of?
B: It
is made
of wood "bre or leave "bre.
B: The bag is very big and the straps are very
long. How do you carry it?
A: Traditionally it
is hung
on the head to carry
many things. My noken is now hung on the
wall of my o#ce. I see it as a symbol of hard
work.
A: That cloth looks beautiful!
Is
it
made
in
Indonesia?
B: Yes, it is a traditional cloth from the Batak
culture, North Sumatra. It
is called
an ‘ulos’.
A: How do they wear it? When?
B: It is worn by men and women in ceremonial
events like weddings and funerals. It
is
usually
draped
over one shoulder. Sometimes it
is
worn
to cover both shoulders.
A: What
is
it
made
of?
B: Ulos
is made
of cotton thread. The thread
is
woven
by hand.
Observing & Questioning
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209
A:
The umbrellas look very artistic! I like the
dec
oration of colourful "owers on it. Is that
Indonesian art?
B: Yes. They
are called
‘payung geulis’, or
beautiful umbrellas. They
are made
in
Tasikmalaya of the West Java province.
A: What
are
they
made
of?
B: They
are made
of plain waterproof paper
or cloth. Then pictures of colourful "owers
are painted
or
embroidered
on the outer
part of the umbrella.
A: A
wesome!
Observing & Questioning
210
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
The paragraphs below describe each of the above
Indonesian handycrafts. The verbs have been left out.
Complete the sentences again with suitable verbs in
the passive voice. Remember that each verb consists
of TWO words.
Hand-write your work on a piece of paper. Underline
the verb in every sentence. Make sure you know the
meaning of every word and spell it correctly. Use the
punctuation marks correctly, too.
While you are writing, say the words loudly, clearly,
and correctly.
Use a dictionary. If you have any problems, come to me.
Some examples have been done for you.
First, copy the example.
1.
This musical instrument __________ an
angklung
. It __________ in
Indonesia. It is from Sunda, West Java. It __________ of bamboo. It
__________ to play traditional as well as modern music.
This musical instrument is called an angklung. It is made in Indonesia.
It is from Sunda, West Java. It is made of bamboo. It is used to play
traditional as well as modern music.
2.
This cloth __________ an
ulos
. It __________ in North Sumatra,
Indonesia. It __________ in special events like weddings and
funerals. It __________ on one shoulder or both shoulders. It is made
of cotton. It is woven by hand.
3.
This bag __________ a
noken
. It __________ in Papua, Indonesia. The
bag is v
ery strong because it __________ of wood !bre or leave !bre.
It __________ to carry many things. It __________ on the head.
4.
The beautiful umbrellas __________
payung geulis
. They __________
in Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. They __________ of plain waterproof
paper or cloth. Beautiful pictures of "owers __________on paper
umbrellas. On cloth umbrellas, the pictures __________.
Collecting Information
Bahasa Inggris
/ Think Globally Act Locally
211
I will read out to you some
conversations between tourists
about some other Indonesian
handycrafts.
Follow the conversations actively
and pay attention to how they say
about the objects.
The paragraphs on next page describe each
Indonesian handycraft you have just listened
to. The verbs have been left out. Complete
the sentences again with suitable verbs in
the passive voice. Remember that each verb
consists of TWO words.
Hand-write your work on a piece of paper.
Underline the verb in every sentence. Make
sure you know the meaning of every word
and spell it correctly. Use the punctuation
marks correctly, too.
While you are writing, say the words loudly,
clearly, and correctly.
Use a dictionary. If you have any problems,
come to me.
Some examples have been done for you.
First, copy the example.
Collecting Information
212
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
1.
The sandals __________
k
elom geulis
. They __________ in
Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. They __________ of light wood. They
__________ by hand. They are beautiful because they __________
beautiful colours. They __________ with artistic pictures. The straps
__________ of fabric, plastic, or leather. They __________ for formal
occasions.
2.
These knives __________ in Indonesia. Actually they are weapons,
but they __________ in wars now. They __________ as souvernirs.
They __________ on the walls for decoration. The one that
__________ like an L, __________ a
rencong
. It __________ in Aceh.
The other one __________ in Kalimantan. It is called a
mandau
.
3.
Jepara and Bali __________ for their beautiful wood carving. These
wood carvings __________ of hard wood. They __________ by
hand by very skillful traditional carvers. They __________ by using
a very sharp mullet called a
tatah
. The ganesha wooden sculpture
__________ in Bali. The wall decoration carving __________ in
Jepara.
4.
These puppets __________ wayang kulit. They __________ in
Indonesia. They __________ of water buffalo hide. The sticks to hold
the puppets __________ of water buffalo horn or wood. A wayang
have "ne holes all over the body. They __________ one by one
with a mullet called a
tatah
. Leather wayangs __________ to tell
stories. They __________ by a very clever puppeteer. The puppeteer
__________ a
dalang
.
Collecting Information
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213
The table below shows you that every verb has
four different forms, and the passive voice uses
the form of the verb in the last column.
Put all the main verbs you have learned in this
chapter, from the "rst text to the last one, into the
table, in all the four forms.
Hand-write your work on a piece of paper. Make
sure you know the meaning of every word and
spell it correctly.
While you are writing, say the words loudly,
clearly, and correctly.
Use a dictionary. If you have any problems, come
to me.
Some examples have been done for you.
First, copy the example.
to–
Present
Past
For the passive
voice
1
to make
make
made
made
2
t
o marinate
marinate
marinated
marinated
3
to skewer
skewer
skewered
skewered
4
to grill
grill
grilled
grilled
5
to serve
serve
served
served
6
7
Collecting Information
214
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Collecting Information
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215
I will lead you to r
e!ect on what
you are learning now. Complete
the statements in the box.
Now I know that the verb in the passive voice
consists of t
wo words, BE and the main verb in the
last column, for example ... (get some examples
from the texts you have learned).
The verb ‘is’ and ‘are’ are the variations of the verb BE
in the simple present tense.
The passive voice verb is very useful to describe
objects.
Re!ecting
216
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
The passive voice is often used in
textbooks or encyclopedias to describe
objects scien
ti!cally. For example, the four
texts below are taken from a children’s
encyclopedia and a science book.
Work in your group. Practice reading each text
to each other.
Make sure you know the meaning of every
word, and read out the story meaningfully,
loudly, clearly, and correctly.
Take turns. Correct any mistakes you hear.
Use a dictionary. If you have any problems,
come to me.
Rock
Rocks are very hard materials. Some rocks contain metals.
They
are called
ores. Others contain fossils of animals or plants
that dies millions of years ago. Many rocks contain crystals. A few
rock crystals, such as diamond, are extremely valuable because
they are very rare. These crystals
are called
gems. Some rocks,
such as sandstone,
are made
when mud or grains of sand
are
slowly
squashed
together.
(Adapted from
Scienc
e made easy
, 2008, p. 16)
Associating
Bahasa Inggris
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217
Fabric
Fabrics
are used
around the house to make clothes,
curtains, towels and furniture coverings. Fabrics such as cotton,
linen, wool and silk
are made
from natur
al !bres, which come
from plants and animals. Fabrics
can
also
be made
of plastic,
or a mixture of plastic and natural !br
es. Fabrics have different
properties. For example, some are tough, while others wear away
quickly.
(Adapted from
Scienc
e made easy
, 2008, p. 12)
Chicken
Chickens
ar
e k
ept
as farm animals all over the world. They
are related
to wild birds that were tamed by humans over 4,000
years ago. Chickens can #y for short distances, but they prefer to
walk or run.
Farmyard chickens eat seeds and small insects. They will also
peck grain that
is sprinkled
on the ground. On some big farms,
however, hens
are fed
on special food and kept in small cages.
Male chickens are called cockerels and have large crests on their
heads and a ruff of long feathers round their necks. They often
make a loud crow, especially at daybreak. Female chickens
are
called
hens. They are smaller and less colourful than coskerels.
Hens
are kept
for both their meat and their eggs.
(Adapted from
The Little A
nimal Encyclopedia
, 2001, p. 35)
Associating
218
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
Cow and Bull
Female cattle
are c
alled
cows and the males
are called
bulls.
They
are kept
on farms all over the world for their meat, called
beef, and for their milk. We also use their hides (skin) to make
leather shoes and cloths.
Female cattle that
are reared
for their milk
are called
dairy cows.
Twice a day they
are brought
in fr
om the !elds
to be milked
.
Special machines suck the milk from the cow’s udder.
Although they are not clever animals, cattle are very strong. In
many parts of the world, they
are used
to pull ploughs and carts.
(A
dapted from
The Little Animal Encyclopedia
, 2001, p. 41)
Associating
Bahasa Inggris
/ Think Globally Act Locally
219
Work in your group. Study the sentences in the
passive voice carefully and you will see that they
are mostly used for the following purposes.
1) To state the objects’ identities
2)
To state the materials that make the
objects
3) To state the functions of the objects
4) To state what happen/happened to the
objects
Put the sentences in the passive voice from each
te
xt into the right tables.
Hand-write your work on a piece of paper. Make
sure you know the meaning of every word and
spell it correctly. Use the punctuation marks
correctly, too.
While you are writing, say the words loudly, clearly,
and correctly.
Use a dictionary. If you have any problem, come to
me.
Associating
220
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
To state the objects’ identities
No.
Sentences in the passive voice
Title of text
1
They
are c
alled
ores.
Rock
2
These crystals
are called
gems.
Rock
3
4
5
6
To stat
e the materials that make the objects
No
.
Sentences in the passive voice
Title of text
1
Fabr
ics
can
also
be made
of plastic, or a mixture
of plastic and natur
al !bres.
Fabric
To state the functions of the objects
No.
Sentences in the passive voice
Title of text
1
Fabr
ics
are used
around the house to make
clothes, curtains, towels and furniture coverings.
Fabric
2
Associating
Bahasa Inggris
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221
To state what happen/happened to the objects
No.
Sentences in the passive voice
Title of text
1
Some r
ocks, such as sandstone,
are made
when
mud or grains of sand
are
slowly
squashed
together.
Rock
2
3
4
5
6
7
Associating
222
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
Now it is your turn to describe some objects from
your local culture, including
1)
two traditional foods
2)
two traditional handycrafts
3)
two local animals
To describe each object, state !ve facts about
facts about the object in the passive voice. Use
the verbs and other words you have learned in
this chapter.
Make sure you know the meaning of every word
and spell it correctly. Use the punctuation marks
correctly, too.
Use a dictionary. If you have any problems, come
to me.
Then, present your work to the class.
Communicating
Bahasa Inggris
/ Think Globally Act Locally
223
In your journal, write your re!ection
about your learning to describe
object in the passive voice.
My Journal
I have just learnt to
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
The activities I like most were
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
The activities I found most di"cult were
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
What I need to do better is/are
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Communicating
224
Kelas IX SMP/MTs
“The great thing about a computer
notebook is that no matter how
much you stuff into it, it doesn’t get
bigger or heavier.”
BILL GATES
In Reader’s Digest, September 1999, p. 61